Not known Factual Statements About 癌症

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选择某些生活方式会增加患癌风险。抽烟、女性每天饮酒超过一杯、男性每天饮酒两杯以上、过度暴露在阳光下或经常晒伤起疱、肥胖和不安全的性行为都可能导致癌症。

如果篩檢為陽性,或者是出現許多前述症狀、久未改善,就需進一步診斷,癌症診斷方式包括三大類:

註解:癌細胞將於所到之處繼續失控的繁殖。舉例:若肺癌細胞轉移到肝臟,則肝臟將出現不斷增生的肺部細胞(不具肺功能),且此細胞具有入侵正常肝臟細胞的能力,導致肝功能不斷降低;反之,不具入侵能力但失控繁殖的細胞,稱為良性腫瘤。

上述中各種症狀都有可能由其他的疾病引起,癌症不一定是產生這些症狀的主因,確切原因仍需要鑑別診斷診察。

全身性的症狀:體重減輕、食欲不振、惡病體質、大量出汗(夜間盜汗)、貧血

Some therapies can interfere Along with the mom's capability to give beginning vaginally or to breastfeed.[271] Cervical most cancers may possibly call for 癌症 birth by Caesarean section.

化学致癌物,例如石棉、烟草烟雾成分、酒精、黄曲霉毒素(一种食品污染物)和砷(一种饮水污染物);

Cytogenetics and immunohistochemistry are other sorts of tissue exams. These exams offer information about molecular variations (which include mutations, fusion genes and numerical chromosome adjustments) and will As a result also indicate the prognosis and ideal cure.

因p53突變而引起的李佛美尼症候群,會產生多種腫瘤,包含骨肉瘤、乳癌、軟組織肉瘤、腦瘤。

物理致癌物,例如紫外线和电离辐射;而异物刺激、创伤、慢性炎症等会促进恶变进程。

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) does indirectly trigger most cancers however it results in immune deficiency which will magnify the danger due to other infections, sometimes approximately a number of thousandfold (in the case of Kaposi's sarcoma). Importantly, vaccination versus the hepatitis B virus as well as the human papillomavirus are actually shown to almost reduce the risk of cancers attributable to these viruses in people successfully vaccinated before infection.

用醫學影像技術檢測癌症,也遭遇類似問題。這些醫學影像檢測技術都是成本相當高且耗費時間。由於偵測的靈敏度極高,常發現細胞病變(英语:incidentaloma),這樣的腫瘤也可以被認為惡性,而進行具有潛在危險性的治療方法。

癌症的治疗方法仍然是目前医学研究的前沿内容。准确诊断癌症对采取适当有效 的治疗措施必不可少,因为每种癌症类型都需要特定的治疗方案。癌症多采用综合 治疗,以外科手术、化疗、放疗相结合为主,有需要者可结合靶向治疗、生物治疗 等方法,以提高预后。适当选择治疗方案既要考虑癌症又要考虑接受治疗的个体 情况。我们也专门针对癌症的治疗方法进行总结与归纳,用通俗的语言为大家 介绍,详细内容参考链接()。在此,我们将简要介绍癌症治疗的分类方法。

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